Shadow of Flight
by Kevin J. Lin
As it turns out, at any altitude the Falcon's shadow will be 195 square
feet. Because of the extreme distance of the sun, the photons' paths are
effectively parallel when they meet the glider.
The nit-pickers out there will recognize that this solution is theoretically
not completely correct. Because the sun is actually a finite (though very large)
distance away, the shadow should be slightly larger than the glider. But because
the sun isn't a point, but a large sphere, light emits from many sources. And
since these sources cover an area larger than the glider, the shadow should be
smaller than the glider.
Which is correct? Both are: the glider's umbra, the part of the shadow where
none of the sun's rays hit, is smaller. The glider's penumbra, the part of the
shadow where some, but not all of the sun's rays are blocked by the glider, is
larger. And both of these answers ignore the fact that photons don't necessarily
travel in straight lines. But that's for another puzzle.